Short-Term and Long-Term Exposure of Ambient Air Pollution and Its Impact on Respiratory Morbidity and Mortality: A Systematic Review

Rahul Rajak , International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS)
Aparajita Chattopadhyay, International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS)

Background: Health effects attributable to short-term and long-term ambient air pollution(AAP) exposure in Indian population is least understood. Objective: To assess the effect of short time and long-term exposure to AAP on respiratory morbidity, mortality and pre-mature mortality for the exposed population. Methods: A total of 45 studies examining the effects of short-term exposure (n=13); long-term exposure (n=15) and pre-mature mortality (n= 17). We systematically searched for epidemiological studies which were published between January 1, 1990, to January 31, 2018. Results: Both short-term and long-term exposure to AAP is contributing to adverse health effects. This notwithstanding, in all analytic studies total mortality was directly associated with long-term exposure to PM. The excesses in mortality were mainly due to cardiovascular and respiratory causes. Out of 17 literature reviewed on pre-mature mortality, most (12 of 17) of the reviewed paper reported statistically significant associations between AAP exposure and increased pre-mature mortality risk.

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 Presented in Session 5. Health & Mortality 1